Magnesium Chloride
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Magnesium Chloride
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Magnesium chloride is the name for the chemical compounds with the formulas MgCl2 and its various hydrates MgCl2(H2O)x. These salts are typical ionic halides, being highly soluble in water. The hydrated magnesium chloride can be extracted from brine or sea water. Magnesium chloride as the natural mineral bischofite is also extracted (solution mining) out of ancient seabeds; for example, the Zechstein seabed in northwest Europe. Anhydrous magnesium chloride is the principal precursor to magnesium metal, which is produced on a large scale. Hydrated magnesium chloride is the form usually used in prescription oral magnesium supplements.
| IUPAC name[hide]Magnesium chloride | |
| Other names[hide]Magnesium dichloride | |
| CAS number | 7786-30-3 Y, 7791-18-6 (hexahydrate) |
| PubChem | 24584 |
| ChemSpider | 22987 Y |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:6636 N |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1200547 N |
| RTECS number | OM2975000 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
| [show][Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] | |
| [show]InChI=1S/2ClH.Mg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 Y Key: TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Y InChI=InChI=1S/2ClH.Mg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 | |
| Molecular formula | MgCl2 |
| Molar mass | 95.211 g/mol (anhydrous) 203.31 g/mol (hexahydrate) |
| Appearance | white or colourless crystalline solid |
| Density | 2.32 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 1.569 g/cm3 (hexahydrate) |
| Melting point | 714 °C (987 K) (on rapid heating: slow heating leads to decomposition from 300 °C) |
| Boiling point | 1412 °C (1685 K) |
| Solubility in water | anhydrous 54.3 g/100 ml (20 °C) 72.6 g/100 mL (100 °C) hexahydrate 157 g/100 mL (20 °C) |
| Solubility in ethanol | 7.4 g/100 mL (30 °C) |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.675 (anhydrous) 1.569 (hexahydrate) |
| Crystal structure | CdCl2 |
| Coordination geometry | (octahedral, 6-coordinate) |
| MSDS | ICSC 0764 |
| EU Index | Not listed |
| R-phrases | R36, R37, R38 |
| S-phrases | S26, S37, S39 |
| Main hazards | Irritant |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| LD50 | 2800 mg/kg-1 (oral, rat) |
| Other anions | Magnesium fluoride Magnesium bromide Magnesium iodide |
| Other cations | Beryllium chloride Calcium chloride Strontium chloride Barium chloride |
